Hodinový prehľad - Zdravotnícke a vedecké zaujímavosti

Súhrn: METHODOLOGY: - Discontinuation of GLP-1 RAs is common and is associated with weight regain; therefore, researchers conducted a multicenter cohort study looking at the efficacy of gastric sleeve endoscopy together with lifestyle modification compared to lifestyle modification alone in promoting continued weight loss - The study included 59 patients; 35 underwent gastric sleeve endoscopy in addition to lifestyle modifications (mean age, 46 years), and 24 underwent lifestyle modification alone (mean age, 59 years) between August 2021 and September 2024 - Approximately 90% of study participants had been previously taking semaglutide, while about 10% had been taking tirzepatide; reasons for discontinuation included intolerance or less than 5% total weight loss.

Súhrn: TOPLINE: High consumption of ultraprocessed food (UPF) was associated with poor attention and an elevated risk for dementia in middle-aged and older adults, but not with poor memory, a new study showed METHODOLOGY: - A cross-sectional study included data from nearly 2200 dementia-free Australian adults aged 40-70 years (mean age, 57 years; 75% female; 83% White) who were enrolled in the Healthy Brain Project between 2016 and 2023 - The study adjusted for factors such as age, sex, physical activity, smoking status, and a history of cardiometabolic diseases; fully adjusted models also included BMI and adherence to the Mediterranean diet.

Súhrn: Now we have shown that recurrent strokes that do occur are less severe, and less likely to be disabling compared to the patients on placebo and that the benefits of asundexian treatment appears constant throughout the follow up period, suggesting that treatment should be continued long term,” lead investigator of the trial, Mike Sharma, MD, Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada, told Medscape Medical News If approved, it would likely be used in patients similar to those enrolled in the OCEANIC-STROKE trial — individuals with noncardioembolic ischemic stroke or high-risk TIA and a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of 15 or lower “This treatment should be applicable to the majority of strokes, and most stroke patients will benefit.

Súhrn: Use of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) inhibitors to treat migraine is associated with a reduced risk for glaucoma, new research showed In a multinational retrospective study of nearly 74,000 adults with migraine, those who received CGRP inhibitors had a 25% lower risk for glaucoma within 3 years of first use than those who received non-CGRP inhibitors, with the risk reduction especially strong in women and older adults In subtype analyses of specific treatments, CGRP inhibitors were linked to reduced glaucoma risk vs amitriptyline, lisinopril, metoprolol, propranolol, topiramate, valproate, and venlafaxine.